Pregnant Women: Preeclampsia

Pregnant Women: Preeclampsia In todays world complication during pregnancy are not unheard of. In fact many women are at risk for some sort of complication during their pregnancy. One of the most common complications during pregnancy is preeclampsia. Preeclampsia, also know as pregnancy induces hypertension, effects between three and eight percent of all women during pregnancy. Preeclampsia affects the health of the mother and the baby. Preeclampsia is usually diagnosed in the second trimester of the womens pregnancy, more commonly after 32 weeks, but may be diagnosed as early as 20 weeks. There is no one way to diagnose preeclampsia. The doctor will monitor the mother for symptoms associated with preeclampsia including an increase in blood pressure, proteinuria (which is an increase in protein in the urine), increase in liver function test, thrombocytopenia, (low platelet count), swelling of the upper body, and weight gain. Some swelling and weight gain during pregnancy is normal, but a large amount of swelling and weight gain the doctor will question. Other common symptoms for preeclampsia include severe headaches, decrease in urine out put, vision changes. Upper abdominal pain is another common symptom associated with preeclampsia. These signs and symptoms accompanied by nausea, vomiting and dizziness should be reported to you physician. Women who have certain preexisting health condition like diabetes, hypertension, obesity and kidney disease before their pregnancy are at a higher risk for developing preeclampsia. First time mothers along with African American, teen and women over forty are at a greater risk for developing preeclampsia. Women with a family history of preeclampsia tend to have a higher risk for preeclampsia. If you were diagnoses with preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy your risk are higher. Having a multiple pregnancy, for example twins, increases your risk for developing preeclampsia. On the other hand women who have been pregnant more than once tend to have a lower risk except in those with a family history. Complications may occur after the onset of preeclampsia. One common complication is the shunting of blood to the placenta, preventing the placenta from getting the proper amount of blood. The decrease in blood flow to the placenta keeps the fetus, your baby, from getting enough oxygen and food required for healthy development. This can result in low birth weights and other complications for your baby including death. Placenta abortion is another complication commonly associated with preeclampsia. This is where the placenta pulls away from the uterine wall causing heavy bleeding. Placenta abortion can cause fetal distress. Placenta abortion is life threatening for the mother and the baby. HELLP Syndrome may also develop. HELLP Syndrome stands for the symptoms that are involved; Hemolytic anemia, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet count. HELLP Syndrome in many cases has already developed before the mother is diagnosed with preeclampsia. This is one reason early and continuous pre natal care is important. Another major complication of preeclampsia is eclampsia which is the development of seizures during preeclampsia. Eclampsia can cause permanent damage to the internal organs of the mother. If no intervention are taken to resolve preeclampsia the mother may end up having brain damage or end up in a coma or even may end in death for the mother and the baby. The only known treatment for preeclampsia is abortion of the pregnancy if the pregnancy hasnt reached the period of viability or delivery of the mature fetus. Even if the fetus has reached the period of viability the baby may experience complications due to being premature. In order to prevent this doctors have found ways to help manage preeclampsia allowing the fetus more time to mature in the womb. Methods to manage preeclampsia include lowering the blood pressure. The physician may recommend that the mother reduce the amount of salt intake in her diet. While resting it is recommended that the mother lie on her left side to reduce the workload of the heart. Another method used to manage preeclampsia is to take aspirin and a calcium supplement as ordered by your physician. Since there is now way to prevent preeclampsia it is important to seek early and regular prenatal care. If preeclampsia is detected early, you and your doctor can work together to prevent complications and make th e best choices for you and your baby. During my friend Jessicas pregnancy the doctors were concerned she had a few predisposing risk factors for preeclampsia including obesity and diabetes before her pregnancy. The doctors were concerned and monitored Jessica very carefully during her pregnancy. Without fail Jessica was diagnosed with preeclampsia at thirty weeks into her pregnancy. She developed the classical signs of preeclampsia including high blood pressure with proteinuria accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and blurred vision. Jessica was worried about the health of her baby. She changed her diet to a reduced sodium diet, and other little things to reduce recommended by her doctor to help her blood pressure. Even after attempts were made to lower Jessicas blood pressure it continued to show an increase in pressure. At thirty-six weeks doctor decided to have the best out come for her and the baby they were going to induce her labor. Lucky for Jessica she received the appropriate prenatal care the doctor was able to mon itor her for preeclampsia.

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Additionally, if the slower receipt of payments impacts the organization's ability to quickly pay its own operational expenses then you might also see an increase in the accounts payable liability account. Conversely, on the Income Statement, one would expect to see an increase in the patient revenue account since the deal was that the NCO had longer to pay in trade for a HIGHER reimbursement rate. Also, on the Income Statement as the receivables account increases then you would also see an increase in the Provision for Doubtful Accounts.How might negotiating an NCO contract affect financial statements? The accounts that will be impacted on the Balance Sheet (which was the nature Of my question) are as follows. How does the Provision for Doubtful Accounts work? Posted by ROBERT ADAMS atlas 16, 2015, 8:09 PM If a hospital such as FCC renegotiated an NCO contract that allowed the NCO to take longer to pay in exchange for a higher reimbursement rate, this would increase patient revenue on the Income Statement because the NCO is paying at a higher rate.However, since the NCO has longer to pay then the Patient Accounts Receivable (A/R) on the Balance Sheet would also increase. As this A/R account increases, the amount booked as Provision for Doubtful Accounts would also increase since this expense is often simply a percentage of the A/R account. OR a more real world response: In the case of FCC, they treat the Provision of Doubtful Accounts as an expense account. This is an account that is used to ‘book† the projected losses associated with carrying a receivables account on the Balance Sheet for patient revenue.You might ask why an organization would need to do this. Well anytime you have a receivables account there is some likelihood that some of that account will go uncollected. Generally, an organization can use historical data to project what percentage of a receivable account might not be collected. Regarding this assignment, FCC renegotiated a prim ary managed care contract which allowed the NCO longer to pay in exchange for a higher reimbursement rate. The impact of the NCO having longer to pay means that the receivables account would grow.If FCC applies its historical percentage for uncorrectable to a growing receivables account then the Provision for Doubtful Accounts would naturally increase as well. How does purchasing extra inventory change financial statements? As FCC purchases inventory it is placed on the Balance Sheet as an asset. It is VERY important for you all to understand that the supplies expense will not increase on the Income Statement UNTIL the supplies are actually used by FCC. For instance, if FCC purchased $1 of extra inventory this loud be listed as an asset on the Balance Sheet.

Compare and Contrast the Cunningham and Ewell Families

Compare and Contrast the Cunningham and Ewell Families In To Kill A Mockingbird, as an additional message to the main theme of the novel, Lee seeks to show two polar reactions to poverty, that of the Cunninghams and the Ewells. Her experience of the Great Depression was a major influence in the writing of the book, as she uses the contrast of these two families to show that there is hope for those in poverty, if people learn from the Ewells and emulate the Cunninghams. She introduces the values she considers to highlight the difference between the Cunninghams and Ewells, and uses this example to show that Fine Folk are not born into the position, but rather are considered as such on account of their qualities. The position of Fine†¦show more content†¦Burris Ewell, however, was the filthiest human being [Scout] had ever seen. He laughed rudely and slouched leisurely away from the classroom. This apathetic, lackadaisical and disrespectful attitude is typical of the Ewell family, and contrasts with Walters strong sense of dignity, showing the vast difference between them. A characteristic that is strongly emphasised in the novel is pride, which Lee uses to show that poverty does not necessarily humble a family. The Cunninghams pride is so strong they will not accept outside help, as shown when Scout tells her teacher, the Cunninghams never took anything they cant pay back. In stark contrast to this, the Ewells had been the disgrace of Maycomb for three generations, living off regular weekly appearances at the welfare office for his [relief] check. Bob Ewell has no qualms about living like a parasite, and none of his family care that they are seen as the lowest level of society, apart from blacks. The Cunninghams have pride despite their poverty, in contrast to the Ewells complete absence of self-respect Work ethic is an important part of the contrast between the Cunninghams and the Ewells. Even though Walter Cunningham gets held back sometimes because he has to stay out and help his daddy, he still attends school regularly. Mr Cunningham also displays a hard-working attitude, as he could get a WPA job, but does not so that he can keep his land andShow MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee1599 Words   |  7 Pagescode of prejudice and discrimination. It is through various perspectives and representations of individuals, times, concepts and places that ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ explores human morality. By using the character Atticus as a moral compass, we can compare and evaluate the various perspectives of characters in the novel. This allows the audience to analyse the way in which these representations create moral, ethical and social positions of discrimination. 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Portuguese Man-of-War Facts (Physalia physalis)

With its colorful float and trailing stinging tentacles, the Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) might easily be mistaken for a jellyfish. However, a jellyfish is a single animal. The Portuguese man-of-war is a siphonophore, which is a colony of animals that function together and cannot survive apart. The creatures common name may come from its resemblance to a Portuguese sailing warship or to the helmets worn by Portuguese soldiers. Fast Facts: Portuguese Man-of-War Scientific Name: Physalia physalisCommon Names: Portuguese man-of-war, Portuguese man o war, man-of-warBasic Animal Group: InvertebrateSize: The float is approximately 12 inches long, 5 inches wide; its tentacles can measure up to 165 feetLifespan: Probably 1 yearDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific OceansPopulation: AbundantConservation Status: Not Evaluated Description The man-of-war has a distinctive sail-like float (pneumatophore) that may reach 12 inches in length and 5 inches in width, and rises 6 inches above the water surface. The colorful float may be translucent blue, pink, or violet. This gas bladder is filled with nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and a small amount of carbon dioxide from air, plus up to 14% carbon monoxide. Portuguese man-of-war on a beach. David Ziegler  Getty Images In addition to the pneumatophore, the man-of-war has three other polyp types. The dactylozooids are tentacles that are used for defense and disabling prey. The tentacles are blue or purple and can extend up to 165 feet. The gastrozooids are responsible for feeding. The gonozooids are used for reproduction. Man-of-War vs. Blue Bottle The genus Physalia includes two species: the Portuguese man-of-war and the Pacific man-of-war or Australian blue bottle (Physalia utriculus). The Portuguese man-of-war has a wider color range and many tentacles, while the Australian blue bottle is blue and has a single long tentacle. Australian blue bottle on a beach. Michelle Lehr / Getty Images Habitat and Range The species occurs in the warm waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, as well as the Caribbean and Sargasso Seas. The Portuguese man-of-war lives on or just below the surface of the water. A siphon in the pneumatophore lets the animal float or descend in the water column. Wind pushes the animals float at a 45 degree angle. Some individuals are left-sided, while others are right-sided. The different orientations of the floats help the animals to disperse across the oceans. Diet The Portuguese man-of-war is a carnivore. Its tentacles contain stinging cells called nematocysts that paralyze and kill small fish, worms, and crustaceans. The tentacles move prey to the gastrozooids on the underside of the float. The gastrozooids secrete enzymes that digest the prey. Nutrients are absorbed and circulated to other polyps. The man-of-war is prey to sea turtles, sea slugs, and crabs. Reproduction and Offspring The man-of-war life cycle includes a sexual and an asexual reproductive phase. Each colonial organism is either male or female. Spawning occurs mainly in the autumn. The gonozooids form gametes and release them into the water. The larva formed by the union of an egg and sperm then reproduces asexually by budding or mitotic fission until it achieves its mature form. This differs from the cellular division and differentiation of a non-colonial animal in that each type of polyp is a complete organism. However, a polyp cannot survive without other members of its colony. Like jellyfish and other Cnidarians, the rate of the life cycle depends on water temperature and other factors. Its likely the man-of-war lives to at least one year of age. Conservation Status The Portuguese man-of-war has not been evaluated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) for a conservation status. The species seems to be abundant throughout its range. Its population trend is unknown. Portuguese Man-of-War and Humans While the Portuguese man-of-war has no commercial value, it is of economic importance due to its impact on coastal tourism. Both jellyfish and man-of-war tentacles can sting after the animal is dead or when they are detached. Stings are painful, although not usually fatal. Neurotoxins in the venom cause mast cells in skin to release histamines, resulting in inflammation. Treatment typically involves tentacle removal, using vinegar or ammonia to inactivate remaining nematocysts, and soaking the affected area in hot water. Oral or topical antihistamines may be administered to combat inflammation. Jellyfish and man-of-war tentacles produce a characteristic rope-like sting.   4FR / Getty Images Sources Brusca, R. C. and G. J. Brusca. Invertebrates. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers: Sunderland, Massachusetts, 2003.Halstead, B.W.  Poisonous and Venomous Marine Animals of the World. Darwin Press, 1988.Kozloff, Eugene N. Invertebrates. Saunders College, 1990. ISBN 978-0-03-046204-7.Mapstone, G. Global Diversity and Review of Siphonophorae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). PLOS ONE 10(2): e0118381, 2014. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087737Wilcox, Christie L., et al. Assessing the Efficacy of First-Aid Measures in Physalia sp. Envenomation, Using Solution- and Blood Agarose-Based Models. Toxins, 9(5), 149, 2017. doi:10.3390/toxins9050149